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Description

Renal calculi, also known as kidney stones, are hard deposits of minerals and salts that form in the kidneys. They can range in size from a grain of sand to a golf ball and can cause severe pain when they pass through the urinary tract. Kidney stones can be caused by a variety of factors, including dehydration, certain medications, and certain medical conditions. Treatment for kidney stones may include medications, dietary changes, and surgery.

Synonyms

• kidney stone
• kidney stones
• nephrolithiasis
• renal calculi
• renal colic
• renal stone
• staghorn calculi

Symptoms (patient's findings)

• dysuria
• flank pain
• nausea
• urinary frequency
• vomiting

Basic Lab Tests (measurements)

• plasma
  •      parathyroid hormone
• serum
  •      calcidiol
  •      calcium
  •      calcitriol
  •      pyridoxine
  •      uric acid
• urine
  •      urine color
  •      creatinine clearance
  •      nitrite
  •      calcium
  •      bacteria
  •      red-brown urine
  •      leukocytes
  •      soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1
  •      bladder tumor antigen
  •      thyroxine
  •      red urine
  •      hemoglobin
  •      angiotensin-converting enzyme
  •      brown urine
  •      erythrocytes
  •      oxalate
• vital signs
  •      temperature

Detailed Disease and Condition Information (use the search buttons below to find details on these topics)
All of the following must be considered when interpreting clinical findings and are too extensive to be covered on this site: